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The Metaphysical Basis of Ethics: G.E. Moore and the Origins of Analytic Philosophy

By (author) Consuelo Preti

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This book remedies the absence in the history of analytic philosophy of a detailed examination of G. E. Mooreâ€™s philosophical views as they developed between 1894 and 1902. This period saw the inauguration of analytic philosophy through the work of Moore and Bertrand Russell. Mooreâ€™s early views are examined in detail through unpublished archival material, including surviving letters, diaries, notes of lectures attended, papers for Cambridge societies, and drafts of early work, in order to revise the established view that the origin of analytic philosophy at Cambridge was an abrupt split from F. H. Bradleyâ€™s Absolute Idealism. Traditional accounts of this period have highlighted the anti-psychologism of Fregeâ€™s logic but have not explored the impact of this movement more broadly. Anti-psychologism was a key feature of the work of Mooreâ€™s teachers on the nature of the mind and its objects, in their interpretation of Kant, and in ethics. Mooreâ€™s teachers G.F. Stout and James Ward weresignificant contributors to the late 19th century debates in mental science and the developing new science of psychology. Henry Sidgwickâ€™s criticisms of Kant and Bradley and his leading work in ethics were key influences on Moore. Mooreâ€™s Trinity Fellowship Dissertations are essential historical evidence of the development of Moore's new theory of judgment, a theory whose defining role in the origins of analytic philosophy cannot be overstated. Mooreâ€™s study of KantÂ in his dissertations ultimately formed the groundwork for his Principia Ethica (1903), which evolved from ideas that manifested in Mooreâ€™s earliest Apostlesâ€™ papers, developed through his dissertations, and were refined through his Elements of Ethics lectures (1898-99). This monumental work of early twentieth century ethics is thus shown to be the culmination of Mooreâ€™s early philosophical development.